BACTERIAL MENINGITIS

Bacterial meningitis is a serious, potentially fatal disease, inflammation of the membranes (meninges) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) causes the nervous system. Bacterial meningitis is an infection caused by bacteria. The most severe form of bacterial meningitis is acute bacterial meningitis called. A common form of acute bacterial meningitis is caused by the bacterium neisseria meningitidis. This species is acute bacterial meningococcal meningitis. Other causes of bacterial meningitis are streptococcus pneumonia, homophiles influenza. The symptoms of bacterial meningitis are high fever and stiff neck. The complications of bacterial meningitis can cause permanent damage to the nervous system. For more information about other symptoms and complications are related to the symptoms of bacterial meningitis. The sample of spinal fluid is tested for white blood cells and other signs of bacterial meningitis. There are different types of bacterial meningitis? Yes, the three most important types of meningococcal meningitis and pneumococcal homophiles influenza type b (hib) are. Pneumococcal meningitis is caused by bacteria are distinguished by the type of meningitis.

Symptoms
The most common symptoms of bacterial meningitis are headache, neck stiffness, fever and rash. The symptoms of bacterial meningitis may resemble other diseases like influenza. Possible symptoms include fever, headache, stiff neck, irritability, nausea and vomiting. The symptoms can quickly progress to life-threatening, especially in cases of acute bacterial meningitis. The resulting symptoms include confusion, lethargy, convulsions, unconsciousness and coma. Death can occur within a few days. Serious complications of bacterial meningitis are kidney failure and permanent neurological damage such as blindness, deafness, brain damage, paralysis and in older children and adults, symptoms occur at the beginning of the following:
• Fever
• Headache
• Stiff neck (usually)
• High or low body temperature
• Feeding problems
• Vomiting
• Irritability
• Seizures
• Sluggishness (lethargy)
• High-pitched crying


Unlike older children or adults, children under 1 year does not develop a stiff neck (see bacterial infections: meningitis). In case of meningococcal meningitis, rash (usually red and purple spots) sometimes develops. The bacterial infection causes swelling of brain tissue. In children younger than 2 years, the swelling, the gap between the bones of the skull (fontanel’s) give bulge. Older children and adults can be irritable, confused, then more and more sleepy. In most of those infected with meningococcal meningitis, blood circulation and many institutions, a condition known as water house. Without treatment, the blood pressure drops, leading to shock and death. Sometimes developed meningitis, when people are treated for another infection (such as a headset or sore throat).

Treatment
Several antibiotics (see antibiotic) were administered intravenously, often administered in the emergency room. Doctors choose antibiotics that are effective against the bacteria most likely to be the cause of the infection. Corticosteroids are given to the inflammation caused by fragments of bacteria, antibiotics, produced when bacteria break, should be deleted. Corticosteroids may also be the pressure inside the skull, and when the adrenal glands are damaged, replace steroids normally produced by these glands.
• Seizures: anticonvulsants appears (see drugs against epilepsy)
• Shock: additional and sometimes liquid medications (intravenously) are given to treat high blood pressure and shock (see shock) increase, which is found in the waterhouse-friderichsen syndrome.
• Coma: mechanical ventilation is used.
• Dangerously increased pressure within the skull: mechanical ventilation is used to decrease the amount of carbon dioxide in the blood and so quickly, reducing, but for a shorter period, the pressure in the cerebrospinal fluid. Then, mannitol or similar drugs are administered intravenously. Mannitol causes of water movement in the brain into the bloodstream and reduces the pressure of cerebrospinal fluid in the skull. The device is a small hole in the skull. The catheter can also remove the liquor and reduce pressure when necessary.
• Subdural empyema, a surgeon may need to download an empyema with a needle to ensure a successful takeover.

Prevention
People with acute meningitis (meningococcal meningitis in particular) are often isolated until the infection under control and can not spread the infection, usually for a few days or less. Vaccines for the various forms of meningitis are present.