Named after the two first described, the English physician Caleb Hillier Parry General and the German neurologist Moritz Heinrich Romberg. The Parry-Romberg syndrome is a rare disease in which there is a slowly progressive, localized atrophy of the skin, subcutaneous fatty tissue, bones and muscles. Often start with a hyper-or hypopigmentation of the facial skin of the affected side or one-sided loss of hair.
Typically relates to the shrinkage of a face and begins in adolescence. In an unclear number of patients, there are also lesions and atrophy of the brain and are indeed on the same side as the Gesichtsatrophie, frequent occurrence of epileptic seizures, migraine facial pain on the affected side before concentrated. There is a relationship with known connective tissue diseases (scleroderma) and similarities of the Parry-Romberg syndrome with central lesions with Rasmussen's syndrome. An autoimmune cause is likely for the disease, but it also Lyme disease, trauma, genetic causes and trigeminal neuritis discussed as a cause.
The disease is on average after 7 to 9 years to a halt. Only a cosmetic surgery is reasonable. An effective causal treatment is not known. Experiments with penicillin are sometimes described as successful.Parry-Romberg syndrome is a rare disorder characterized by slowly progressive degeneration (atrophy) of the soft tissues of half of the face (hemifacial atrophy). Some individuals may experience distinctive changes of the eyes and hair, and neurological abnormalities including episodes of uncontrolled electrical disturbances in the brain (seizures) and episodes of severe pain in tissues supplied by the fifth cranial nerve (trigeminal nerve) including the mouth, the cheek, nose and / or other facial tissues (trigeminal neuralgia).
In rare cases, the disorder is apparent at birth. The majority of individuals with Parry-Romberg syndrome experience symptoms before the age of 20 years. In some rare cases, the atrophy may be bilateral. Affected areas may demonstrate shrinkage and atrophy of tissues beneath the skin (subcutaneous tissue), the layer of fat under the skin (subcutaneous fat) and underlying cartilage, muscle and bone. Many individuals also experience atrophy of half of the tongue and upper lip as well as abnormal exposure, delayed eruption, or wasting of the roots of certain teeth from the affected side. Symptoms of Parry-Romberg syndrome may begin at any age. Facial atrophy may cease abruptly or progress slowly and then become stationary. In other cases, the atrophy may progress indefinitely. The range and severity of symptoms and results linked may vary from case to case. In most cases, Parry-Romberg syndrome appears to occur randomly for unknown reasons (sporadically).
Feb 28, 2011
PARRY-ROMBERG SYNDROME
Feb 22, 2011
DYSLEXIA
Etymologically the word dyslexia means about language difficulties. In the present sense refers to problems of reading disorder in reading acquisition. A first simple definition of dyslexia is telling us that the problem is learning to read who have children whose IQ is normal and displayed no other physical or psychological problems may explain these difficulties. According to some statistics dyslexia affects more or less 10% or 15% of schoolchildren and adults.
There is consensus that between 4 and 5% of children have serious problems learning to read, with the consequent difficulty writer.In practice, talks about dyslexia and difficulties arise when the same or similar symptoms to dyslexia in children who start learning, but these symptoms disappear quickly on their own during training. The symptoms to which I refer are investments in the writing and /or reading, additions, omissions, mirror writing, hesitations, repetitions. If however in a text on dyslexia, given the label of dyslexia to difficulties in learning reading and writing that occur in children with intellectual disabilities.
In my practice I refer to dyslexia only when it meets the simple definition of the beginning: child learns to read, with normal intelligence and no other problems to
explain the difficulty. Dyslexia in principle be a learning problem, just create a distinctive personality in the classroom notes or by inhibition, and withdrawal or by the emergence of disruptive behavior, talking, fighting, not working. Sometimes dyslexia is linked to difficulties in pronunciation, with greater impact on the difficulty in pronouncing new words, long or contain combinations of letters of the kind that make you reading difficulties.
Dyslexia in the classroom can be detected initially by the delay in learning of literacy, the peculiarities that occur when you get to start learning, slowly, the trend in spelling, poor reading comprehension due to the lack of pace The lack of punctuation. As courses go, the problems become acute, since the study, and school work in general is based on skills and the child is progressively delayed. Instead of ignoring the problems, attributing them to apathy, distractibility, or immaturity, I recommend referral to the psychologist / a school in order to rule out problems of intellectual disability or other diagnosis and guide to the immaturity or dyslexia. I recommend keeping track of the presence of dyslexia in all children classified as immature.
Understanding how and why many learned and intelligent people, even geniuses have experienced difficulties in its path parallel differential learning challenge is that science is unraveling slowly, em130 years of research.
The complexity of understanding of what dyslexia is directly linked to understanding the human being: who we are, what is Memory and Thought-Thought and Language, learn how and why we can find facilities to genius, mixed up with difficulties basic to our individual learning process. It is as if the words jumped and danced before the eyes of the dyslexic." The difficulty in understanding and defining what is dyslexia, which causes has created a world as diverse information, which confounds and misinformation. Today, the most comprehensive and serious study on this subject, we recorded 20% of the U.S. population as dyslexic, with the further observation: "there are many undiagnosed dyslexics in our country." To underline, 10 students in each classroom, two are dyslexic, with a significant degree of difficulty. Also to highlight the great importance of the position of dyslexic in the classroom it, and consider the serious problem of juvenile violence, citing the deplorable phenomenon of suicide in children in the USA, brings the serious record of 40 (forty) children commit suicide every day in that country.
Dr. Norman Geschwind, MD, professor of Neurology at Harvard Medical School and professor of psychology at MIT - Massachusetts Institute of Technology, director of the Neurology Unit at Beth Israel Hospital in Boston, MA, lucid and tenacious investigator who took the helm of Neurological Research in Dyslexia, after the death of pioneering researcher, Dr. Samuel Orton, said the lack of consensus in understanding what is dyslexia, started from the decoding of the term coined to name those specific learning difficulties, which was elected the Latin dys meaning, such as difficulty, and lexia, as a word. For all the complexity that really is Dyslexia; contradiction derived by many different sides and angles of personal and professional vision, because the ways of scientific discoveries that provide answers to these specific learning difficulties have been extremely long and laborious, requiring ever, consensus is an essential human eye, logical and lucid to the broader understanding of what dyslexia is.
Dyslexia is a specific learning difficulty of Language: Reading, Spelling, Writing in expressive or receptive language, in Reason and Calculation Math as Language and Social Body. Difficulties in learning to read, to varying degrees, is very evident in about 80% of dyslexics.
Feb 21, 2011
STROKE
A stroke is a condition where a blood clot or ruptured artery or blood vessel interrupts blood flow to an area of the brain.
The two main types of stroke include ischemic stroke and hemorrhagic stroke. Ischemic stroke accounts for about 75% of all strokes and occurs when a blood clot, or thrombus, forms that blocks blood flow to part of the brain. A hemorrhagic stroke occurs when a blood vessel on the brain's surface ruptures and fills the space between the brain and skull with blood (subarachnoid hemorrhage) or when a defective artery in the brain bursts and fills the surrounding tissue with blood (cerebral hemorrhage).
Treatment and care usual for people who have a stroke.
The aim of the scan is to confirm the diagnosis and to tell whether the stroke is an ischaemic or haemorrhagic (bleeding) stroke.
Antiplatelet medication. Platelets are tiny particles in the blood which help blood to clot. Antiplatelet medication is usually advised if you have had an ischaemic stroke (due to a blood clot). Antiplatelet medication reduces the 'stickiness' of platelets. This helps to prevent blood clots forming inside arteries, which helps to prevent a further stroke. For example, medication to lower a raised blood pressure, sugar level, or cholesterol level.
If you have atrial fibrillation you have an increased risk of a blood clot forming in a heart chamber and travelling to the brain to cause a stroke. If you have atrial fibrillation (or certain other heart conditions) a drug called warfarin may be prescribed. Warfarin helps to prevent blood clots forming. If you have carotid stenosis then you have an increased risk of having a stroke. Your doctor will advise if this is an option. If a subarachnoid haemorrhage is the cause of the stroke then an operation to fix the leaking artery is sometimes an option. For example, sometimes surgery is considered to ease the pressure within the skull if the pressure becomes high following certain types of stroke. The aim of rehabilitation is to maximise activity and quality of life following a stroke. Hospitals which deal with stroke patients have various specialists who help in rehabilitation.
Preventation
Certain 'risk factors' increase the chance of atheroma forming - which increase your risk of having a stroke (and heart attack). You can reduce the risk of having a stroke (or a further stroke) if you reduce your 'risk factors'.
• Smoking. If you smoke, stopping smoking can greatly cut your risk of having a stroke.
• High blood pressure. If it is high it can be treated. If you have high blood pressure, treatment of the blood pressure is likely to have the greatest effect on reducing your risk of having a stroke.
• If you are overweight, losing some weight is advised.
• A high cholesterol. This can be treated if it is high.
• Diet. If you eat meat it is best to eat lean meat, or poultry such as chicken.
• If you do fry, choose a vegetable oil such as sunflower, rapeseed or olive oil.
• Alcohol. In particular, binge drinking can increase your blood pressure.
• Diabetes is a risk factor. If you have diabetes, treatment to keep your blood sugar as near normal as possible is important.
(Read about Died Soda Stroke) Read More......
CHRONIC FATIGUE SYNDROME
It is called chronic fatigue syndrome and is a real disease not yet well known, affecting 300,000 Italians and mainly affects young people. It is not just being tired and stressed, but the conditions are usually quite severe and prevent you from carrying out the common commitments of everyday life. It is a tiredness that you feel both mentally and physically and can also be caused by a small strain. Nor is the rest can not solve this disease that lasts for several months, creating enormous difficulties for people who are affected.
The syndrome is accompanied by other symptoms that can be disorders that affect memory and the ability to concentrate on tasks with precision. Other symptoms may be constituted by sore throat and muscle aches. But the problems that accompany the disease can be very different genre, such as pain linfonoidali glands and joint pain. For now it is not yet available a drug that is able to resolve the disease, although several studies have confirmed that there is probably a purely genetic cause.
Buteyko with his studies he realized that the 'importance of CO2 was really important because it can be done "to better gas exchange between blood and cells. In fact, if the body does not, precisely because of losses due to stress or otherwise, sufficient quantities of CO2 in its "internal" may not be the best trade between Oxyhemoglobin (red blood cells carrying oxygen) and cells in the presence of CO2 ... (Bhor effect), the cell will not be so "supply" of his only "fuel" Oxygen! If the cells are not supplied "sufficiently" Oxygen is understood that their operation will be reduced or even affected (the cells will be the first to get tired for no "power"!) The experience of the various courses Buteyko made us understand that, even those who suffer from this syndrome, are easily able to address their suffering "without great difficulty" with only a few targeted exercises to do great in any place or time of their day!
how to get efficient …
Not only physical exercise but also a cognitive-behavioral therapy to combat the chronic fatigue syndrome A study funded by The Medical Research Council and published in The Lancet highlights how to combat chronic fatigue syndrome or CFS can also help adjust the behavior, not just the physical.
Among the therapies that have had more success in bringing back to normal levels of activity, the patients were based therapy on exercise gradually, but especially the cognitive-behavioral therapy with more than 30% of success.
